Substation Physical Design

There’s a little bit of reasoning applied when you layout the equipment inside the substation. Articles here explains it.

Cable and Conduit Installation in Substations – Best Practices

Substations contain equipment that are controlled by relays. If the relay is installed at a remote location such as a control house then you need to lay down wires from the relay to the location where the equipment is in the yard. The process of laying wires can be as simple as directly burying them in the ground to pulling them through a conduit. Sometimes cable trenches are used. Site conditions, project funding, and the type of substation (bulk power vs. distribution) dictates which method is the most suitable.

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Direct Buried Conduit - PEguru - Power Systems Engineering

Mounting Provisions for Pole Mounted Transformers

Pole mounted transformers for station service in substations or to feed residential or commercial buildings are fitted with mounting lugs that are sized per the IEEE standard C57.12.20. The transformers covered by this standard are 500KVA and smaller; High voltage, 34,500V and below; Low voltage, 7970/13,800Y V and below.

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Transformer Core Type
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