Substation Design

Learn the details that go into designing a substation.

Practical Implementation of Transformer Winding Connections – 3 Critical Steps to Consider

To understand how transformer winding connections are made, in this article I will build a three-phase transformer delta-delta (with 180degree phase-shift) using three (3) single-phase transformers. Although this exercise seems moot for substation design, practical applications of single-phase transformers exist. For instance, as a station-service source. Also, to guide you step-by-step, I’ve prepared the below …

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Transformer winding connections using single phase transformers

Transient Recovery Voltage and Its Effect on a Circuit Breaker

One problem that is pervasive in the power grid and not well understood is called the Transient Recovery Voltage (TRV). When a short-circuit due to a fault in high voltage or medium voltage system is switched-out by a circuit breaker, the voltage across the breaker poles rapidly increases; as high as twice the operating voltage. …

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